英语句子成分分析

very smart and cool we have finished the job. he can speak german. 3.表语 . 表语说明主语"是什么"或"怎么样" ,由名词,形容词,介词,副词,不定式及相当 于名词的词或短语来充当,它的位置在系动词后面. 形容词作表语 you look younger than before. 名词作表语 my father is a teacher. 副词作表语 everyone is here. 介词短语作表语 they are at the theatre. 不定式作表语 my job is to teach them english. 动名词作表语 her job is training the nurses. 从句作表语 that is why he didn't come to school yesterday. 4.宾语 . ▲宾语是动作,行为的对象,由名词,代词,不定式,或相当于名词的词或短语或从句来 充当,它和谓语动词一起说明主语是什么,通常放在谓语动词后面.有时,会有双宾语. 如: 名词作宾语 he never forgives others for their mistakes. 代词做宾语 he often helps me. 不定式作宾语 he likes to sleep in the open air. -2- 动名词作宾语 the americans enjoyed living in china. 从句做宾语 i believe that they can finish the work in time. ▲直接宾语和间接宾语 直接宾语和间接宾语 及物动词作谓语时,后面要跟宾语,宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语是及物动词的 对象.但有些动词除了直接宾语外,还需要有一个间接宾语,间接宾语表语动作是对谁做 的,所以只能用名词或代词来充当.如: we brought them some food. 主 谓 间宾 直宾 间接宾语可以放在直接宾语后面,但必须加 to 或 for. 5.宾语的补足语 . 在英语的句子中有些句子里只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思,还必须在宾语后面加上宾 语的补足语才能表达完整的意思.我们把"宾语+宾语补足语"合起来称为复合宾语.复 合宾语所表达的意思相当于一个巨资的意思.名词,动词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不 定式,现在分词,过去分词都可以作宾语补足语.如: 名词作宾补 if you let me go, i'll make you king. 形容词作宾补 don't make your hands dirty. 副词作宾补 we found li ming out when we arrived. 介词短语作宾补 make yourself at home. 省略 to 的不定式作宾补 i saw a girl go into the building. 带 to 的不定式作宾补 the boy ordered the dog to lie down. 现在分词作宾补 the boss kept them working all day. -3- 过去分词作宾补 yesterday he got his leg broken. 在英语中,常见的"宾语+宾语补足语" 结构有: 在英语中 常见的"宾语+宾语补足语"的结构有: 常见的 ▲"宾语+名词" .常用于改结构的动词有:call, name, make, find, choose, think, leave 等. we call him jack. they made li lei their monitor. ▲"宾语+形容词" .常见的动词有 think, believe, leave, drive, make, keep, turn, wish, want 等.如: do you think his idea wrong? we must keep our classroom clean. we can't leave him